Nonlinear three-dimensional anisotropic material model for failure analysis of timber

• A constitutive material model is developed to nonlinear behaviour of timber. Orthotropic stress–strain relationship used in the linear elastic phase. Under compression a based on Hoffman yield criterion and plastic potential used. Isotropic strain hardening during deformation incorporated into criterion. Tensile damages all three grain directions are established using damage factors fracture energies. In this paper, proposed mechanical response timber, as elastoplastic orthotropic under three-dimensional (3D) stress state. An associated flow rule Hoffmann adopted for describing plasticity timber compression. by assuming that equivalent function strain. stress-based continuum formulation with four independent failure criteria tension The implemented user subroutine UMAT ABAQUS. results obtained numerical simulations evaluated compared experimental results. good agreement has been found between Therefore, can be further anisotropic behavior